Database Specific
Database Specific Abstract AbstractINE adaptation of the ILO Decent Work Indicator measures the relative difference between hourly wages for men and women. It uses the difference between the hourly wages of female and male wage earners, and expresses this difference as a percentage of hourly wages of male wage earners.
Source Source Contact person/organisation Contact person/organisationDepartment of Labour Statistics - National Statistics Institute. Contact: Subdepartment of Citizen Information.
Name of collection/source Name of collection/sourceSupplementary Survey of Income (ESI)
Date last input received Date last input receivedAugust 2023
Direct source Direct sourceNational Employment Survey (ENE). Suitable informant
Source metadata Source metadataMethodological Document ESI
Source Periodicity Source PeriodicityOctober-December quarter of each year
Data source(s) used Data source(s) usedHousehold survey
Data Characteristics Data Characteristics Link to Release calendar Link to Release calendarInformation found on the INE.Stat platform is updated 48 hours after official publication.
Periodicity PeriodicityAnnual
Reference period Reference periodReference month: month previous to the reference week of the ENE (the week, Monday to Sunday, before the survey)
Sampling SamplingSampling of the ENE has two stages and is probabilistic. The two stages refer to the First Stage Sampling Unit (UPE), which is the block (urban) or section (rural), and the Second Stage Sampling Unit (USE), which is the private occupied dwelling. Probabilistic means that the selection of the UPE in each stratum is proportional to the size of the unit in relation to the number of dwellings (USE) and that the probability of selection of the USE is equal for all dwellings within the UPE.
Unit of measure used Unit of measure usedPercentage
Variables collected Variables collectedIncome from principal occupation (ING_T_P); Hours actually worked in the reference month (D4).
Population & Scope Population & Scope Geographic coverage Geographic coverageThe population living in Chile, excluding collective housing. Also excluded, because of operational problems, are areas of difficult access (ADA) and blocks with seven or fewer dwellings.
Population coverage Population coverageThe entire population aged 15 and over, belonging to households of private dwellings selected in the chosen blocks (or sections) of the sampling frame (excluding collective households).
Sector coverage Sector coverageAll economic sectors used in the classification ISIC4.cl 2012, according to CAENES are covered. It should be noted that, for the Supplementary Survey of Income, the branch of economic activity refers to the sector of the economic unit, company, or business where the employed person works.
Statistical population Statistical populationWage earners (excludes domestic service)
Concepts & Classifications Concepts & Classifications Aggregation & consolidation Aggregation & consolidationEducational level (ISCED) grouped into 7 categories: Never studied/Pre-school, Primary, Secondary, Technical, University, Graduate, Unknown level. Six age brackets: 15-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years, 55-64 years, 65 years and over. ICSE Occupational Categories: Wage earners of the private sector and Wage earners of the public sector.
Classification(s) used Classification(s) usedInternational Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE_93). International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88, 1 digit). International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08, 1 digit). International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED_97).
Estimation Estimation[(Income per hour of the principal occupation of female wage earners - Income per hour of the principal occupation of male wage earners) / Income per hour of the principal occupation of male wage earners] * 100
Imputation ImputationFor the main income variables, a variant of the conditional means imputation is used for the search and selection of donors. Qualitative variables (demand levels based on characteristics of income recipients) are mixed with geographic variables (areas of estimation). The omissions or refusals to deliver information that are considered for the purposes of this imputation are: Labor income from principal occupation (Income from Wages and Salaries, and Income from Self-Employment). For the variable of the number of hours actually worked in the reference month, a substitution methodology is used, that is, the imputation of the hours actually worked using data reported by the same informant in terms of hours usually worked.
Key statistical concept Key statistical conceptIncome from principal occupation: all income from current principal occupation that was received in the in the reference period of the survey. Average hourly income: income of wage earners per hour actually worked. The figure is obtained from the masses of income and masses of hours for each selected occupation. Gender gap: refers to the difference between the situation of women and of men in regard to a variable of interest, which is expressed with a focus on women (with the understanding that the structural inequality affects women and that it needs to be demonstrated). As a result, a negative gap indicates that women are at a disadvantage compared to men while a positive gap indicates that women have a better position.
Dissemination format(s) Dissemination format(s)Dissemination has three formats: 1. Institutional webpage for the publication of official tabulations (2010-2017), databases, and related documents. 2. PDF documents related to the analysis of specific profiles of income. 3. Micro-databases in STATA, SPSS and CSV format.
Weights WeightsAccording to the sample design, the calculation of the expansion factor is made up of two parts that account for each of the selection stages, that is, a weighting that accounts for the selection of first-stage units (blocks and sections ); and another, which accounts for the selection of second-stage units (dwellings) and is calculated as the inverse of the probabilities of selection of said sampling units. The resulting factor (formed by both selection stages) is adjusted by information annexed to the survey, which accounts for the population stocks obtained from the Population and Housing Census of 2017. This adjustment corresponds to the calibration by the Raking method.
Other Aspects Other Aspects Other comments Other commentsThe proposal of INE inverts the order of the elements of the numerator in such way that a unfavorable gap for women gives a negative result.
Quality comments Quality comments Recommended uses and limitations Recommended uses and limitationsIt is recommended as a reference to use the criteria established in the ESI methodological document
INE adaptation of the ILO Decent Work Indicator measures the relative difference between hourly wages for men and women. It uses the difference between the hourly wages of female and male wage earners, and expresses this difference as a percentage of hourly wages of male wage earners.
Department of Labour Statistics - National Statistics Institute. Contact: Subdepartment of Citizen Information.
Household survey
Supplementary Survey of Income (ESI)
National Employment Survey (ENE). Suitable informant
October-December quarter of each year
Methodological Document ESI
August 2023
Percentage
Income from principal occupation (ING_T_P); Hours actually worked in the reference month (D4).
Sampling of the ENE has two stages and is probabilistic. The two stages refer to the First Stage Sampling Unit (UPE), which is the block (urban) or section (rural), and the Second Stage Sampling Unit (USE), which is the private occupied dwelling. Probabilistic means that the selection of the UPE in each stratum is proportional to the size of the unit in relation to the number of dwellings (USE) and that the probability of selection of the USE is equal for all dwellings within the UPE.
Annual
Reference month: month previous to the reference week of the ENE (the week, Monday to Sunday, before the survey)
Information found on the INE.Stat platform is updated 48 hours after official publication.
Wage earners (excludes domestic service)
The population living in Chile, excluding collective housing. Also excluded, because of operational problems, are areas of difficult access (ADA) and blocks with seven or fewer dwellings.
All economic sectors used in the classification ISIC4.cl 2012, according to CAENES are covered. It should be noted that, for the Supplementary Survey of Income, the branch of economic activity refers to the sector of the economic unit, company, or business where the employed person works.
The entire population aged 15 and over, belonging to households of private dwellings selected in the chosen blocks (or sections) of the sampling frame (excluding collective households).
Income from principal occupation: all income from current principal occupation that was received in the in the reference period of the survey. Average hourly income: income of wage earners per hour actually worked. The figure is obtained from the masses of income and masses of hours for each selected occupation. Gender gap: refers to the difference between the situation of women and of men in regard to a variable of interest, which is expressed with a focus on women (with the understanding that the structural inequality affects women and that it needs to be demonstrated). As a result, a negative gap indicates that women are at a disadvantage compared to men while a positive gap indicates that women have a better position.
International Classification of Status in Employment (ICSE_93). International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88, 1 digit). International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08, 1 digit). International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED_97).
Educational level (ISCED) grouped into 7 categories: Never studied/Pre-school, Primary, Secondary, Technical, University, Graduate, Unknown level. Six age brackets: 15-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45-54 years, 55-64 years, 65 years and over. ICSE Occupational Categories: Wage earners of the private sector and Wage earners of the public sector.
[(Income per hour of the principal occupation of female wage earners - Income per hour of the principal occupation of male wage earners) / Income per hour of the principal occupation of male wage earners] * 100
For the main income variables, a variant of the conditional means imputation is used for the search and selection of donors. Qualitative variables (demand levels based on characteristics of income recipients) are mixed with geographic variables (areas of estimation). The omissions or refusals to deliver information that are considered for the purposes of this imputation are: Labor income from principal occupation (Income from Wages and Salaries, and Income from Self-Employment). For the variable of the number of hours actually worked in the reference month, a substitution methodology is used, that is, the imputation of the hours actually worked using data reported by the same informant in terms of hours usually worked.
According to the sample design, the calculation of the expansion factor is made up of two parts that account for each of the selection stages, that is, a weighting that accounts for the selection of first-stage units (blocks and sections ); and another, which accounts for the selection of second-stage units (dwellings) and is calculated as the inverse of the probabilities of selection of said sampling units. The resulting factor (formed by both selection stages) is adjusted by information annexed to the survey, which accounts for the population stocks obtained from the Population and Housing Census of 2017. This adjustment corresponds to the calibration by the Raking method.
Dissemination has three formats: 1. Institutional webpage for the publication of official tabulations (2010-2017), databases, and related documents. 2. PDF documents related to the analysis of specific profiles of income. 3. Micro-databases in STATA, SPSS and CSV format.
It is recommended as a reference to use the criteria established in the ESI methodological document
The proposal of INE inverts the order of the elements of the numerator in such way that a unfavorable gap for women gives a negative result.